Recipes for agriculture and gardening (1930s)
Fertilizers, insect and pest control products, herbicides and more...
Nowadays, to get a good harvest, the use of artificial fertilizers, pesticides for insects and vermin and herbicides is absolutely necessary. However, these preparations must all be precisely adapted to the purpose and to the type of soil. The pesticides for pests must have special properties, only for a certain species. The composition of the pesticide often also depends on the extent to which the plants are affected by the pests. Furthermore, with fruit, for example, one must take into account the fact that residues often remain on the fruit.Fertilizers
The three raw materials, which are most important for the structure of the plants and are absorbed in the largest quantities, are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. These substances occur in strongly varying percentages in the various products that are used as fertilizers. When purchasing, the content is therefore always specified. Since the different types of crops have a very different need for nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus, the composition of the fertilizer must be selected effectively. Especially with nitrogen, the form in which it is bound still plays a major role. It is therefore not always the same whether one takes ammonium sulphate, sodium sulphate or urea. Phosphoric acid is usually obtained in superphosphate, also as bone meal or snail meal, the potassium in the form of various salts.Potato mix manure |
|
| Ammonium sulfate (20% N) | 50 dl |
| Superphosphate (16% P2O5) | 500 dl |
| Chile saltpeter | 50 dl |
| Blood meal (13% N) | 170 dl |
| Potassium (50% K2O) | 140 dl |
| Sand | 90 dl |
This fertilizer contains 4% nitrogen, 8% phosphorus and 7% potassium. |
|
Mix manure 4-8-4 |
|
| Ammonium sulfate | 200 dl |
| Superphosphate (16%) | 500 dl |
| Potassium (50% K2O) | 80 dl |
| Sand or earth | 220 dl |
This fertilizer contains 4% nitrogen, 8% phosphoric acid and 4% potassium. |
|
Tobacco mix manure |
|
| Ammonium sulfate (20,5% N) | 293 dl |
| Oilseed extraction residues (7% N) | 286 dl |
| Cottonseed meal (5,5% N) | 351 dl |
| Superphosphate (18%) | 778 dl |
| Potassiumum sulfate (48% K2O) | 292 dl |
Garden mix manure |
|
| Ammonium sulfate | 293 dl |
| Chile saltpeter | 125 dl |
| Oilseed extraction residues | 286 dl |
| Superphosphate | 889 dl |
| Potassiumum sulfate | 200 dl |
| Sand (vulstof) | 207 dl |
Gras mix manure |
|
| Ammonium sulfate | 585 dl |
| Castor waste | 440 dl |
| Superphosphate | 667 dl |
| Potassium | 80 dl |
| Sand | 228 dl |
Delphinium black rot |
|
| Sublimate (poisonous) | 1 dl |
| Sodium nitrate | 1 dl |
| Water | 1000 dl |
The earth around the roots is generously watered with the solution. |
|
Lawns free of weeds |
|
| Ammonium sulfate | 6 dl |
| Superphosphate | 1,5 dl |
| Potassiumum sulfate | 0,5 dl |
| Iron sulfate | 2 dl |
| Sand | 10 dl |
Sprinkle about 60 g per m², preferably when the grass is dry and the soil moist. It can be sprinkled monthly until the end of June. Lime, which is sometimes used to prevent moss from growing, promotes the growth of clover. Ammonium sulfate is then sprinkled against this. Moss can be destroyed with a mixture of equal parts iron sulphate and charcoal.
Brown spots in lawns, caused by certain diseases, can be regenerated by spreading a mixture of 1 dl sublimate (toxic), 2 dl calomel (toxic) and 30 dl fine sand and then watering well.
Remove arsenic spray from apples
- In most cases, a wash with 0.33% hydrochloric acid is sufficient, whenever the spray liquid was not oily.
- If small amounts of wax or oil are present on the skin, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid should be increased to 0.66 or 1.33. One cannot go higher, because at 2% hydrochloric acid the apples are already affected.
- In this case, an emulsion of purified petroleum and kaolin must be added to the hydrochloric acid and heated to 35 to 40℃.
Panama disease in bananas
- This disease is best combated with gas oil with a specific gravity of no more than 0.887. With each plant, pour ½ to 1 l of the oil over the roots and into the surrounding soil.
The solution is poured two or three times a year, it destroys all plant growth.
The solution is very dangerous, should not come into contact with clothes as they could ignite on their own. Wash clothes immediately with soap and warm water after handling this solution.
Destroy grass between stones |
|
| A solution of calcium chloride in the water is poured into the joints. |
Potato blight
Spray with Bordeaux porridge. This is made by dissolving 1 kg of pure copper sulphate in 50 l of water (in a wooden tub). has. This 50 l milk of lime is placed in a tub of 100 l capacity and the copper sulphate solution is added to the milk of lime while stirring continuously. After this, one can see with phenolphthalein paper whether the solution is alkaline. If not, add enough milk of lime until the paper just turns red.You can also sprinkle a powder consisting of 1 dl finely ground anhydrous copper sulphate and 8 dl marble lime hydrate. The Bordeaux porridge can be stabilized by adding 100 g white sugar per 100 l.
Spray agent |
|
| Nicotine | 1,2 dl |
| Soft soap | 20,2 dl |
| Water | 75,2 dl |
| or: | |
| Soft soap | 6 dl |
| Tobacco extract | 3 dl |
| Spirit (alcohol) | 4 dl |
| Water | 130 dl |
The effect can be increased by combining with an oil emulsion. Anthracene oil can also be added here.
Spraying agent for horticulture
- 400 g of casein is soaked with 7 l of cold water.
- After this, 300 g of calcined soda are added and then gradually 750 g of finely powdered gutte gum.
- Finally, add enough water until the total volume is about 75 l.
It is now easy to emulsify oil with this solution.
To this end, 1 part by volume of the solution is mixed with 5 parts by volume of petroleum with a s.g. of 0.891, resulting in a thick mass. This thick emulsion can be stored well and is then diluted with water to such an extent shortly before use that, for example, an a-pets emulsion is formed, which is sprayed on.
The oil adheres very well to the leaves and lingers for a long time.
Mildew control
While one usually takes pure sulfur, it is better to use a mixture of 95% finely ground sulfur and 5% zinc oxide. aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulphate or zinc sulphate. The sulfur must be ground, one must not use sublimated sulfur flour.One can also take a mixture of 36 dl copper carbonate, 3 dl copper sulphate and 58 dl sulfur.
The powders should be sprayed in dry sunny weather. You can also spray with Bordeau porridge, to which you add about ½ kg of soft soap per 100 l.
Cornflower leaf affected by mildew.
Before use: dilute 1 : 50 with water, if necessary add some formaldehyde.
You can also destroy the larvae by making holes in the ground at a distance of about 50 cm, pouring some carbon disulphide into them and then kicking the holes closed. After this, the treated piece of soil is poured abundantly with water.
The mass is spread over the paper catch belts or the mass is spread directly onto the trunk.
Pine oil sprays |
|
| Steam distilled pine oil can in many cases replace expensive essential oils such as methyl salicylate, eitronellal, lemon oil, safrole, etc. It smells pleasant and has strong antiseptic properties. | |
| Recipe no. 1: | |
| Pyrethrum extract | 800 dl |
| Petroleum (pure) | 4000 dl |
| Citronellal | 30 dl |
| Pine-oil | 200 dl |
| Paradichlorobenzene | 200 dl |
| Recipe no. 2: | |
| Pyrethrum extract | 800 dl |
| Petroleum | 4000 dl |
| Paradichlorobenzene | 120 dl |
| Cedarwood oil | 90 dl |
| Pine-oil | 90 dl |
| Methyl salicylate | 60 dl |
| Recipe no. 3: | |
| Pyrethrum extract | 1 dl |
| Petroleum | 5 dl |
| Pine-oil | 1 dl |
Spray against insects |
|
| Diglycol oleate | 2 dl |
| Pyrethrum extract in petroleum | 50 dl |
This solution is alkali-free and the pyrethrum therefore retains its full potency.
Diluted with water, an emulsion is obtained, which separates very easily on the leaves.
Insect powder |
|
| Sulfur | 60 dl |
| Nicotine | 2 dl |
| Lead arsenate | 10 dl |
| Arsenic | 2 dl |
| Talcum | 28 dl |
This powder is a heavy poison, handle with care.
Cabbage maggot |
|
| Colomel | 4 dl |
| Gypsum powder | 96 dl |
Weevil
Sodium silicofluoride in powder.or:
Treat the corn in a closed space with the fumes of carbon disulphide. 100 to 150 g per m³ are evaporated. The best temperature is 23 to 32℃. If the effect does not last longer than 36 hours, the germination capacity of the corn is not reduced.
Field mouse poison |
|
| Wheat grains | 125 dl |
| Thallium sulfate | 1½ dl |
| Hot water | 12 dl |
| Starch | ½ dl |
| Blycerin | ½ dl |
The thallium sulfate is dissolved in hot water and the hot solution is poured into the starch, which has been previously stirred with a little cold water.
The starch paste is boiled for a few minutes, the glycerin is then added and finally the wheat grains are mixed with this solution and allowed to dry.
A simple rat poison consists of a tapioca porridge, to which 2½% thallium sulphate is added. The porridge is then spread on slices of bread.
Lice and mite tablets for poultry |
|
| Calcium sulfide | 16 dl |
| Fine sand | 7 dl |
| Gypsum | 7 dl |
| Sugar | 58 dl |
| Starch | 12 dl |
Lice powder for poultry |
|
| Nicotine | 3 dl |
| Naphthalin | 10 dl |
| Flower of sulfur | 200 dl |
| Sodium fluoride | 5 dl |
The nicotine is intimately mixed with a small portion of the sulfur first, and then added to the rest. The sodium fluoride and the naphthalin must first be finely ground.
Means against intestinal disease in chickens |
|
| Copper sulfate | 3 dl |
| Vinegar | 30 dl |
About 10 g of the mixture is added to each liter of drinking water.
Cleaner for bird cages |
|
| Superol | 8 dl |
| Burnt sugar | 1 dl |
| Cinnamon water | 120 dl |
| Water | 600 dl |
A few tablespoons of this solution are added to the bath water of birds, which kills parasites and germs. The cage is also cleaned from time to time with the same solution.
Bird medicines |
|
Against diarrhea: |
|
| Iron chloride tincture | 8 dl |
| Opium tinctur | 8 dl |
| Chore water | 100 dl |
Against constipation: |
|
| Senna leaf extract | 8 dl |
| Manna syrup | 30 dl |
| Fennel water | 100 dl |
Against asthma: |
|
| Capsicum tincture | 20 dl |
| Chloroform spirit | 6 dl |
| Citric acid iron | 3 dl |
| Fennel water | 100 dl |
| Every day a few drops on a lump of sugar. | |
Against weakness: |
|
| Capsicum powder | 1 dl |
| Entian root powder | 4 dl |
| Iron lactate | 15 dl |
| Powdered sugar | 15 dl |
| White syrup | 30 dl |
| In addition, a small amount of boiled peas is given every day. | |
Pesticide against vermin
in livestock
| Recept no. 1. | |||
| Paraffin oil | 15 dl | ||
| Pyrethrum extract | 5 dl | ||
| Pine oil | 25 dl | ||
| Petroleum | 55 dl | ||
Recept no. 2. |
|||
| Paraffin oil | 20 dl | ||
| Pyrethrum extract | 8 dl | ||
| Pine oil | 30 dl | ||
| Petroleum | 42 dl | ||
Recept no. 3. |
|||
| Pyrethrum extract | 8 dl | ||
| Pine oil | 30 dl | ||
| Petroleum distillate | 62 dl | ||
Recept no. 4. |
|||
| Paraffin oil | 30 dl | ||
| Pyrethrum extract | 8 dl | ||
| Pine oil | 50 dl | ||
| Petroleum | 12 dl | ||
The ingredients are simply mixed. Pine oil is a product that is obtained as a by-product during the manufacture of resin and turpentine and has very favorable properties for purposes such as those mentioned here. It does not irritate the skin and does not smell unpleasant. The product is particularly beneficial for dairy cows, as it does not have the slightest influence on the taste of the milk. In addition, it has a healing effect on inflamed areas due to insect bites. All ingredients used must be as pure as possible. |
|||
Means against gadflies
| Recipe no. 1. | |
| Laurel oil | 700 dl |
| Naphthalene | 100 dl |
| Ethyl acetate | 100 dl |
| Petroleum | 75 dl |
| Clove oil | 25 dl |
| Recipe no. 2. | |
| Laurel oil | 100 dl |
| Green soap | 100 dl |
| Water | 700 dl |
| Petroleum | 100 dl |
| Recipe no. 3. | |
| Paraffin | 175 dl |
| Ceresin | 175 dl |
| Paraffin oil | 650 dl |
| Bay berry oil | 50 dl |
| Eucalyptus oil | 40 dl |
| Anise oil | 10 dl |
The hair of the horses is thinly rubbed with one of these products.
Disinfecting seedbeds
| Formaldehyde 40% | 2,5 dl |
| Water | 100 dl |
If the soil is worked well, you can sow after 7 to 10 days and plant after 10 to 14 days.
The soil in greenhouses can be disinfected with a 0.3% formaldehyde solution.
Against cabbage flies, 4 days after planting, about 50 cm³ of a 0.1 pct sublimate solution is poured into each plant. The same amount is poured every 6 to 8 days for a few more weeks. Sublimate is a heavy poison!
Barium polysulfide
| Barium sulphide | 9 dl |
| Sulfor | 29 dl |
| Water | 360 dl |
Insect trap tape glue
| Colophonium | 60 dl |
| Castor oil | 35 dl |
| Ceresin | 5 dl |
| or: | |
| Colophonium | 60 dl |
| Rosin oil (uncleaned) | 30 dl |
| Blown rapeseed oil | 10 dl |
Fruit tree carbolineum
| Colophonium | 20 dl |
| Montan wax | 10 dl |
| Carbolineum | 55 dl |
| Caustic soda 36° Bé | 8 dl |
| Spirit | 8 dl |
| Soft soap | 3 dl |
| Water | 10 dl |
| Colophonium | 1 dl |
| Spirit | 3 dl |
| Strong ammonia | 3 dl |
| Carbolineum | 20 dl |
| Water | tot 100 dl |
Remedy against crop disease in newly cultivated land
While one usually takes copper sulphate, which is easily washed away, next to rubbish from the big city one can advantageously sprinkle crushed mineral, which contains copper in small quantities. The copper is not immediately soluble in the mineral and is gradually released into the soil when the mineral is weathered.One can also take copper-containing slag or waste, which generally also contain the other elements that needs small amounts.
Cresol sulfuric acid
| Raw cresol | 2 dl |
| Strong sulfuric acid | 1 dl |
Milking fat
| Vaseline | 75 dl |
| Paraffin oil | 25 dl |
| Osmaron liquid | 0,6 dl |
| or: | |
| Vaseline | 50 dl |
| Vaseline oil | 40 dl |
| Paraffin | 10 dl |
| Osmaron-B | 0,6 dl |
Plant hormones
It has been discovered that certain substances significantly accelerate the growth of plants and plant parts. As in this respect they are like the hormones of the animal body, they have been called plant hormones. These substances are chemically prepared and actually have a very simple composition.They can also be made synthetically and it is expected that they will become of paramount importance for the future of cultivation trials. For example, if you put a lanolin ointment containing 0.1 to 2% of the hormone on one side of a growing twig, this side will grow much faster and the twig will become crooked. Cuttings placed in a diluted solution of the hormone take root much sooner than the same cuttings in a simple nutrient saline solution.
The different hormones are: B-indolyl acetic acid, B-indolyl propionic acid, methyl-b-indolyl acetate, A-naphthalene acetic acid, B-naphthalene acetic acid, phenylacetic acid and phenylpropionic acid.
Antiseptic sprinkle powder for dogs |
|
| Insect powder | 1 dl |
| Trisodium phosphate | 4 dl |
| Borax | 5 dl |
| Calcined soda | 10 dl |
| Carbolic acid (poison) | 2 dl |
| Kaolin | 28 dl |
| Starch | 50 dl |
Antiseptic dog soap
| Coconut fat | dl |
| Caustic soda (NaOH) 38° Bé | dl |
| Caustic soda (KOH) 38° Bé | dl |
| Naphthalene | 2 dl |
| Spirit | 2 dl |
| Creolin | 5 dl |
Hoof grease
| Neutral wool grease | 5,2 dl |
| Spindle oil | 2,0 dl |
| Soft gold ron | 0,5 dl |
| Paraffin | 0,3 dl |
| Water | approx. 2,4 dl |
| or: | |
| Uncleaned montan wax | 5 dl |
| Neutral wool fat | 80 dl |
| Spindle oil | 20 dl |
| Pure carbolic acid | 1 dl |
Sulfur candles
| Recipe no. 1. | |
| Sulfur | 500 dl |
| Charcoal powder | 25 dl |
| Saltpeter | 10 dl |
By increasing the amount of saltpeter to about 25 dl, the mass also burns without wick.
The sulfur dioxide formed when sulfur is burned is a good exterminator for all kinds of vermin in the houses and on the land, rats and mice and voles.
| Recipe No. 2. | |
| Sulfur | 30 dl |
| Saltpeter | 20 dl |
| Colophonium | 10 dl |
| Sawdust | 10 dl |
Sulfur liver
(Potassium polysulfide)
| Potasch | 27 dl |
| Sulfur in pieces | 17 dl |
- Against mildew a 0.2 to 0.4 pct solution is sprayed in the summer, in the winter the solution is 3 to 5 pct.
- Can also be sprayed against scale insects and similar vermin.
Smoke candles
| Insect powder | 75 dl |
| Quassia wood flour | 10 dl |
| Salpeter | 10 dl |
Resin oil soap
| Colophonium | 2265 dl |
| Tear | 500 dl |
| Water | 4500 dl |
| Potassium hydroxide | 450 dl |
Lice ointment
| Mercury | 10 dl |
| Lanolin | 5 dl |
| Groundnut oil | 1 dl |
| Pork fat | 55 dl |
| Sheep fat | 29 dl |
The ointment may not be used at all for sheep, goats and cows, for other livestock only on prescription from the veterinarian.
Cresol powder
| Tricresol | 3 dl |
| Talcum | 57 dl |
| Magnesium oxide | 10 dl |
| Pipe clay | 30 dl |
| or: | |
| Tricresol | 3 dl |
| Talcum | 17 dl |
| Zinc oxide | 10 dl |
| Potato flour | 70 dl |
Scabies soap
| Beef fat | 400 dl |
| Coconut fat | 200 dl |
| Castor oil | 200 dl |
| Styrax, uncleaned | 200 dl |
| Caustic soda (NaOH) s.g. 1,41 | 430 dl |
| Crystallized soda | 50 dl |
| Benzole | 100 dl |
| Flower of sulfur | 100 dl |
| Water | 100 dl |
| Spirit | 20 dl |
| Benzaldehyde | 5 dl |
Insecticide
| Liquid: | |
| Fluorine sodium | 40 dl |
| Sugar | 500 dl |
| Water | 10000 dl |
| Fixed: | |
| Fluorine sodium | 25 dl |
| Bran | 600 dl |
| Water | 300 dl |
Cockroach poison
| Borax | 1 dl |
| Flour | 1 dl |
Mosquito preparations
| Recipe no. 1. | |
| Pyridine | 4 dl |
| Thymol | 1 dl |
| Safrol | 20 dl |
| Birch tar oil | 20 dl |
| Spermacetie oil | 400 dl |
| Recipe no. 2. | |
| Citronelle oil | 26 dl |
| Cedarwood oil | 11 dl |
| Camphor spirit | 58 dl |
| Recipe no. 3. | |
| Menthol | 2 dl |
| Soda | 2 dl |
| White petroleum jelly | 10 dl |
Spray against nematodes
| Tall oil | 300 dl |
| Caustic soda (NaOH) 20° Bé | 280 dl |
| Fire spirit | 50 dl |
| White spirit or | |
| petroleum distillate | 250 dl |
| Sulfur carbon | 250 dl |
Medicines for cows and horses, medicines for chickens, birdseed and more ...
Draw plaster for horses
| Spanish fly tincture | 2 dl |
| Camphor oil | 1 dl |
Equine colic remedy
| Opium tincture | 1 dl |
| Aether | 1 dl |
| Chloroform | 1 dl |
Cow powder
| Catechu | 30 dl |
| Ginger powder | 120 dl |
| Entian root | 120 dl |
| Opium | 15 dl |
Wound remedy
| Aloe tincture | 2 dl |
| Myrrh tincture | 1 dl |
| Opium tincture | 1 dl |
| Water | 8 dl |
Wound ointment
| Melted lard | 16 dl |
| Beeswax | 16 dl |
| Colophonium | 8 dl |
| Carbolic acid | 1 dl |
Against diarrhea
| Opium | 1 dl |
| Peppermint oil | 7 dl |
| Flax meal | 30 dl |
Against fever
| Salicylic acid | 20 dl |
| Sodium bicarbonate | 15 dl |
| Magnesium sulfate | 300 dl |
Against dampness
| Copaiva balm | 1 dl |
| Turpentine oil | 2 dl |
| Venetian turpentine | 1 dl |
| Wine vinegar | 16 dl |
Cough medicine
| Recipe no. 1. | |
| Sodium bromide | 12 dl |
| Creosote water | 120dl |
| Fennel water | 250 dl |
| Recipe no. 2. | |
| Ammonium bromid | 12 dl |
| Fennel water | 250 dl |
| Liquorice syrup | 250 dl |
Horse liniment
| Camphor | 30 dl |
| Acetic acid | 450 dl |
| Alcohol | 540 dl |
| Turpentine oil | 1500 dl |
| Eggs | 300 dl |
| Mountain elm distillate | 1300 dl |
Against influenza
| Salmiak | 45 dl |
| Camphor gum | 15 dl |
| Potassium chloride | 30 dl |
| Finely ground | |
| liquorice extract | 60 dl |
| Syrup | 100 l |
Scabies remedy
| Flower of sulfur | 4 dl |
| Marble lime hydrate | 1 dl |
| Water |
Powder to make cows give more milk.
| Potassium nitrate | 1 dl |
| Alum | 1 dl |
| Flour of sulfur | 1 dl |
| Precipitated chalk | 1 dl |
| White bolus | 2 dl |
| Red clover seed | 5 dl |
| Anise seed | 10 dl |
| Fennel seed | 10 dl |
| Table salt | 10 dl |
Laxative
| Aloe | 1 dl |
| Pure soap | 12 dl |
| Caraway seeds | 4 dl |
| Ginger | 4 dl |
Coloring of bird feathers
The springs are first thoroughly cleaned with petrol or a soap solution, after which they are bleached with hydrogen peroxide. Bleaching is carried out with hydrogen peroxide, which is first neutralized against litmus with ammonia. One fills a glass trough with water, puts the feathers in it and now some hydrogen peroxide is added: one must work in the dark or sufficiently far from the window. As the feathers become lighter, more hydrogen peroxide is added. When the feathers are completely white, they are washed with lukewarm water and dried with constant agitation.Finally, the feathers are colored by dipping them in a boiling dye solution. Neutral solutions of vesuvine, phosphine, moroco red, fuchsin, methylene violet, malachite green and black are used. Dyes such as orseillin, naphtaline green, azo yellow, ponceau red and the like must be processed in sulfuric acid solution.
Very nice effects can be achieved by spraying the dye solution on the feathers. Especially the transitions between different colors can work very nicely.
Test
We decline all responsibility with regard to errors in the information, in the translation, possible harmfulness of mentioned substances and possible harmful consequences of working with these substances or of following the translated recipes on this website. For more information you read the disclaimer.
copyright © 2023 -
mixandstir.com - all rights reserved