Free industrial recipes of adhesives and sealants
Liquid glue, glue for plaster molds, cardboard, paper and for gallantry, label glue and much more...
By adhesives we mean gummy or gelatinous substances that serve to bond two surfaces together. Usually they are substances that swell in water and harden again after the water has evaporated; the typical example of this is the common wood glue.Another class of adhesives softens or melts in the heat and, after setting by cooling, bonds the surfaces to be glued together; this includes, for example, shellac.
Modern adhesives often belong to the group in which the water is replaced by an organic solvent. As an example, one can take the rubber solution and the celluloid glue.
The composition of the adhesives can generally be varied indefinitely. Each recipe must be adapted to the purpose for which it is used. Especially with regard to consistency, even the person of the processor plays a major role; the recipes must therefore always be tailored to the specific purpose. For example, an adhesive that works well for sticking shoe boxes can be completely unusable for sticking cardboard packaging for foodstuffs due to an unpleasant odor.
The surfaces to be bonded must always be clean. The adhesive is applied in a thin layer. If the substances to be bonded are porous, the pores must first be closed with a thin adhesive solution.
Dissolving casein
For a normal thick solution, take about 3 liters of water per kg of casein. The water is put cold in an enameled pan and the dry casein is added, stirring well; no lumps should form.After this, 60 g of strong ammonia (spirit of salmiak) is added per kg of casein and the pan is now placed in a second larger pan filled with hot water (or on a water bath). The casein solution is now slowly heated to 70'8451; heated, which takes about half an hour. Too high a temperature should be avoided as the solution will become too dark in this case. After the casein has completely dissolved, you can dilute with warm water to the desired consistency. The glue obtained can be used just like normal wood glue, both hot and cold.
Casein can also be dissolved with borax. To do this, in the same order as with ammonia, mix 1 kg of casein with 4 to 6 l of cold water, add 150 g of borax and stir cold until the casein begins to soften: this takes about 15 minutes. After this, the mixture is again placed on or in a water bath, stirring well, at 70 &8451; heated until the solution is completely clear.
If one wants to make the casein solution very thin, part of the ammonia or borax is replaced by trisodium phosphate. Since the casein solution is perishable, it is recommended to preserve the solution with 2% sodium benzoic acid or salicylic acid or 0.5% carbolic acid.
Note: Casein must not come into contact with copper.
Casein is an animal protein found in milk and sports nutrition.
Using wood glue or bone glue.
To make a good glue solution, it is necessary to let the glue swell well in water before heating. With thick table glue, this can take up to two days. Nowadays, ground glue is also commercially available, which absorbs enough water in a few hours to be dissolved by heating.After the glue has absorbed enough water, it is liquefied by placing it in a container of hot water; the temperature should not exceed 70'. Higher temperatures and prolonged heating should be avoided, as the water then acts on the adhesive and products are formed by so-called hydrolysis with a very low adhesive force.
Liquefaction of the glue is best done in a glue pot specially made for this purpose, the inner pot of which is tinned, while the outer pot, in which the hot water comes, can consist of any material.
When gluing with this normal wood glue, it must be ensured that the surfaces to be glued are made so hot that the glue does not solidify on them before the surfaces are firmly pressed together. The best adhesives must be used to deliver good work.
For gluing thin veneer, a glue with a high viscosity is used, which means a glue that already gives a viscous solution in a low concentration. A solution that is too thin has a tendency to come through the thin layer of wood to the outside and spoil the beautiful surface of the veneer.
Liquid glue
| Bone glue | 46,7 dl |
| Water | 46,7 dl |
| Sodium nitrate | 6,6 dl |
The sodium nitrate (Chili saltpeter) is dissolved in cold water. The glue (finely ground) is soaked in this solution for two hours and then melted on a water bath at 60-70℃. After this, the mixture is kept at the specified temperature until the glue remains liquid after cooling to room temperature; this process takes several hours. Finally, one preserves with a few tenths of a percentage of carbolic acid or salicylic acid.
Glue composition for plaster molds
| Wood glue in powder | 1 dl |
| Glycerin | 1,5 dl |
| Water | 1 dl |
| Sugar | 0,5 dl |
| Fine quartz powder | 1 dl |
Glue for a carton pasting machine
| Wood glue | 175 dl |
| Glycerin | 10 dl |
| Water | 175 dl of meer |
| Betanaphtol | 0,5 dl |
| Terpineol | 0,5 dl |
Glue for carton
| • | Properly dissolve 14 dl of good bone glue in 26 dl of water. |
| • | To this is added 1 dl of a 12% solution of shellac in spirit. |
| • | In addition, 0.5 dl dextrin is dissolved in 7 dl alcohol and 3.5 dl water, this solution is heated and mixed with the adhesive solution. |
| • | The adhesive solidifies on cooling and must be melted before use. |
Elastic paper glue
| Bone glue | 45 dl |
| Glycerin | 15 dl |
| Water | 39 dl |
| Carbolic acid | 1 dl |
The glue is dissolved in the usual way. At 60℃, the glycerine is then added and finally the preservative, e.g. carbolic acid or p-oxybensoic acid ester.
Glue for household items
| • | 100 dl of good clear glue is dissolved in 200 dl of water. |
| • | To this is added a solution of 2 dl bleached shellac in 10 dl alcohol, stir until the two solutions have mixed well and do not allow the temperature to rise above 50℃. |
Hectograph mass
| • | Dissolve 1 dl of good glue in as little water as possible, then add 1 dl of glycerin and pour this into the appropriate device. |
| • | When the mass has become too thin, part of the water is allowed to evaporate at a low temperature while stirring well. |
Label glue
Ordinary wood glue is dissolved in 15 percent acetic acid and boiled for a moment. You can also add some starch.Label glue for the machine
To a 10-pc wood glue solution, 2.5% dextrin is added on the whole amount. It is heated with good stirring until the dextrin has dissolved and then 3% linseed oil and 3% turpentine oil are added. The adhesive is not affected by moisture and adheres to metal.Starch paste
(cooked starch)
| • | 4 dl wheat starch is stirred into a thin paste with 8 dl cold water. |
| • | This paste is then poured into 64 dl boiling water and stirred until the mixture becomes translucent. |
| • | The amount of water to be used depends on the type of starch and the consistency desired for the particular purpose. |
Elastic starch paste
| • | First you boil 8 dl of starch with 100 dl of water in the usual way, |
| • | then add 4 dl of ammonia solution, which increases the adhesive strength, |
| • | finally 1 dl glycerin. |
Glue for cellophane
| Arabic gom | 17,5 dl |
| Water | 52,5 dl |
| Glycerin | 30 dl |
| Formaldehyde | 0,05 dl |
| or: | |
| Bone glue | 40 dl |
| Water | 40 dl |
| Glycol Bori Borate | 20 dl |
Albumin glue
| Blood albumin (90% soluble) | 100 dl |
| Water | 170 dl |
| Ammonia (s.g. 0,90) | 4 dl |
| Slaked lime | 3 dl |
| Water | 10 dl |
The dry blood albumin is first stirred with most of the water, after which the mixture is allowed to stand for several hours. The soaked albumin is now stirred until dissolved, after which the ammonia is added with slow and careful stirring. Stirring too quickly causes the mass to foam. The lime is now stirred with a little water to form a thin milk of lime and carefully added to the albumin solution; after this the mixture is stirred for a few more minutes. One should not add too much lime as the glue then solidifies into a jelly-like mass. With the correct proportions, the glue remains usable for several hours. The correct ratio of albumin to water must be determined by a small test, as the viscosity of the glue must be adapted to the purpose and since the properties of albumin are not always the same.
A very good glue is also obtained by adding a quantity of paraformaldehyde. On 100 dl of blood albumin one takes as much water as necessary (140 to 200 dl), 5½ dl of ammonia (0.90) and 15 dl of paraformaldehyde. The albumin is dissolved just as before; only then is the paraformaldehyde added, neither too quickly nor too slowly. The mixture becomes thicker and thicker and it must be ensured that the entire amount of paraformaldehyde has been added before the solution solidifies or gelatinizes. At this stage, it is difficult or impossible to stir the adhesive. However, the thickened mass becomes liquid after about an hour and then has the right consistency. In this state the glue remains for about 8 hours. When the glue now solidifies again, it is insoluble and otherwise unusable.
This glue can also be completely processed cold. It is better to compress the workpieces hot. This glue is often used in the construction of aircraft, where the highest demands are made, as it is also no longer sensitive to moisture.
egg albumin powder
Albumin is a protein and is also found in eggs, for example.
Glue is also used in airplanes
Wood glue with starch
| Wheat starch | 30 dl |
| Bone glue | 10 dl |
| Water | 60 dl |
The starch and the glue are first dissolved separately in the manner indicated earlier and then mixed. Before use, add as much water as desired.
Liquid gum
| • | Mix 75 dl good arabic gum with 200 dl water and heat the mixture to 70℃ until everything is dissolved. |
| • | After this, 6 dl of carbolic acid and 1 dl of clove oil are added and filtered through muslin. |
| • | Further water as much as necessary. |
Envelopes gum
| Gum arabic | 1 dl |
| Starch | 1 dl |
| Sugar | 1 dl |
Dissolve in as much water as needed.
The gum arabic is first dissolved in water, then the sugar is added and finally the starch is stirred into the solution until it is lump-free. With good stirring, the mixture is then boiled until the starch has dissolved and then diluted with warm water.
Photo adhesive
| White potato dextrin | 15 dl |
| Water | 15 dl |
| Glycerin | 2 dl |
| Formaldehyde (40%) | 0,15 dl |
| Sassefras oil | 0,15 dl |
The dextrin is first mixed with part of the water until all lumps have disappeared. After this, the rest of the water is added, boiled briefly, allowed to cool and finally the other ingredients are added.
Adhesive Paste
| White dextrin | 450 g |
| Gum arabic | 30 g |
| Water | 500 g |
| Acetic acid | 20 g |
| Wintergreen oil | 1 g |
| Cinnamon oil | 1 g |
| Salicylic acid | 2 g |
The dextrin and the finely powdered gum arabic are first dissolved in water, then the salicylic acid is added. The mixture is now heated until the mass starts to become pasty. However, she is not allowed to cook; the heating is therefore best done in a second pan with hot water. After about a quarter of an hour, the acetic acid is gradually added while stirring well. The mass then becomes pearly; then, without cooling, the perfumes are stirred into the paste.
Adhesive paste for libraries
| Tragacanth | 20 dl |
| White dextrin | 10 dl |
| Wheat flour | 60 dl |
| Glycerin | 10 dl |
| Cold water | 40 dl |
| Salicylic acid | 3 dl |
| Boiling water | 400 dl |
Tragacanth in powder is first mixed with 160 dl hot water and stirred well. After this, the dextrin and the flour are mixed with the cold water and poured into the tragacanth solution. While stirring well, the rest of the boiling water is now added to the mixture, the glycerine and the salicylic acid are added and the mixture continues to boil for 5 to 6 minutes, stirring well.
Jeweler's sealant
| • | Dissolve on a water bath (Au bain-marie) 25 dl isinglass in as little as possible 40% alcohol, then add 2 dl gum ammoniacum. |
| • | In addition, 1 dl of mastic is dissolved in 5 dl of diluted alcohol and both solutions are mixed. |
| • | The glue should be stored in tightly closed bottles. |
Cast iron sealant
| Iron filings | 128 dl |
| Cast | 20 dl |
| Chalk | 8 dl |
| Gum arabic | 8 dl |
| Carbon black | 1 dl |
| Cement | 4 dl |
The mixture is mixed with water shortly before use.
Sealant for sealing cracks in floors
| Cast | 32 dl |
| Quartz flour | 200 dl |
| Yellow dextrin | 33 dl |
Mix with water to a stiff paste shortly before use.
Glue for greaseproof paper
| • | A 20 procents hide glue solution is mixed with 25 g of potassium bichromate. |
| • | The paper to be prepared is soaked in the warm solution and the paper is quickly dried in the light. The paper must be exposed to light until the color of light yellow has turned completely brown. |
| • | After this, the chromate is boiled out with a 2 procents alum solution. |
Wallpaper paste
| Rice flour | 4 dl |
| Chalk (very fine) | 2 dl |
| Casein | 1 dl |
| Alum (in powder) | 0,5 dl |
The mixture can be stirred directly with hot water into a usable paste. It is better to dissolve the casein with a little ammonia as previously indicated and mix this solution with the cooked rice flour porridge.
Furthermore, a porridge made from pure wheat flour is very useful. To do this, mix the wheat flour with cold water into a thin paste and pour this mixture into a sufficient amount of boiling water, just as with starch.
Furniture glue
| Skin Glue | 450 dl |
| Lead white | 15 dl |
| Powder Chalk | 100 dl |
| Salicylic Acid Sodium | 5 dl |
| Water | 1000 dl |
Cabinet maker's glue
| Skin Glue | 175 dl |
| Glycerin | 10 dl |
| Betanaphtol | 0.5 dl |
| Terpineol | 0.5 dl |
| Water | as needed |
Casein glue for wood
| Finely ground casein | 12 dl |
| Quicklime | 8 dl |
| Baryt (grinded) | 4 dl |
Mix the ingredients well and store dry, mix with water before use. The glue dries in 24 hours. For improvement, a few percent of sodium phosphate can be added.
Ebonite glue
| • | Ebonite can be glued with a mixture of 1 dl gutta-percha and 2 dl coal tar pitch, which are carefully melted together beforehand. |
| • | The fracture surfaces must first be degreased with gasoline and must be pressed against each other until they have cooled. |
Adhesive wax [1]
| Colophonium | 100 dl |
| Talc | 16 dl |
| Lanolin | 60 dl |
| Paraffin | 8 dl |
| Saponified wax | 2 dl |
Adhesive wax [2]
| Colophonium | 100 dl |
| Paraffin | 10 dl |
| Thin lubricating oil | 88 dl |
| or: | |
| Dammar resin | 70 dl |
| Bee resin | 40 dl |
| Earth paint | 5 dl |
Marble sealant [1]
| Chalk white | 100 dl |
| Water glass | 25 dl |
| or: | |
| Fatty acid aluminum is stirred into a stiff paste with boiled linseed oil. | |
| or: | |
| Portland cement | 12 dl |
| Slaked lime | 6 dl |
| Quartz powder | 5 dl |
| Kieselguhr | 1 dl |
| Stir with soda water glass solution. | |
Marble sealant [2]
| Carnaubawas | 63 dl |
| Dammar resin | 37 dl |
Melt together, heat the marble before gluing and liquefy the wax-resin mixture.
Celluloid adhesive lacquer
| Film waste | 50 dl |
| Nitrocellulose | 23 dl |
| Rosin ester | 9 dl |
| Castor oil | 18 dl |
A mixture, which is composed according to this ratio, is dissolved in a mixture of solvents that consists, for example, of: 5 dl butyl acetate, 20 dl alcohol, 25 dl ethyl acetate and 50 dl benzol.
The consistency must be paste fabrics can be adjusted. If they absorb the adhesive too much, the pores must first be sealed with a diluted solution.
Marine glue
For waterproof bonding.
| • | 10 parts of unvulcanized rubber (crepe) is dissolved in about 120 parts of benzole, turpentine oil, thin coal tar, heavy gasoline or mixtures thereof. |
| • | Then 20 dl asphalt or 10 dl asphalt and 8 dl shellac are added and the mixture is carefully heated on a water bath until homogeneous (combustible, avoid open flames). |
| • | The adhesive solidifies after cooling and must be melted carefully before use. |
| • | The marine glue adheres a large number of fabrics completely waterproof and can be used anywhere where the dark color does not hinder. |
Iron sealant
| • | 1 part of zinc oxide and 1 part of brownstone powder are mixed and this mixture is stirred with a solution of potassium water glass to form a thin slurry. |
| • | The sealant should be used immediately. |
Putty
| Chalk white | 85 dl |
| Unboiled linseed oil | 15 dl |
Optionally, part of the unboiled linseed oil can be replaced by cooked. As a result, the putty dries faster, but does not harden as much.
A putty hardens very quickly when part of the white chalk is replaced by litharge:
| chalk white | 450 dl |
| Lit lead | 36 dl |
| Boiled linseed oil | 80 dl |
| Siccative | 18 dl |
For installing glass in metal, usually iron, rebates, a putty is made from litharge or red red lead (part of which can be replaced by slaked lime to lower the price) and boiled linseed oil.
A putty for sculptors one makes by replacing part of the chalk white with fuller's earth in ordinary putty, e.g.:
| Boiled linseed oil | 15 dl |
| Fuller's Earth | 15 dl |
| Chalk white | 70 dl |
Putty that remains elastic is made by mixing ground bituminous limestone with 8 to 12% bitumen with boiled linseed oil. This sealant also tolerates all weather conditions.
Sealant for metal on glass
| Recipe no. 1 | |
| Copal lacquer | 1 dl |
| Linseed oil | 2,5 dl |
| Lead white in oil | 1 dl |
| Lead red | 1 dl |
| Mix shortly before use. | |
Recipe no. 2
First, a mixture of equal parts by weight of cement and litharge is made. This mixture is then stirred with half the volume of glycerin and kneaded well.
| Recipe no. 3 | |
| Sodium hydroxide | 1 dl |
| Colophonium | 3 dl |
| Water | 5 dl |
Then mix with:
| Cast | 3 dl |
Quick-drying insulating adhesive lacquer
| Alkyd resin | 11-20 dl |
| 35 pcs nitrocellulose solution | 64-73 dl |
| Tricresyl Phosphate | 4-8 dl |
| Solvent | 11-21 dl |
Colored wax
| Carnauba wax | 16 dl |
| Paraffin | 8 dl |
| Colophonium | 8 dl |
| Pigment | 6 dl |
Such wax is used to invisibly fill small holes in wood. To this end, dry paint is added in such a way that the wax acquires exactly the color of the wood. For mahogany wood, for example, one takes iron oxide red, for brown oak wood an ocher mixture.
Synthetic resin adhesives
| • | Synthetic resin on synthetic resin is glued with a thick solution of a phenol-formaldehyde resin such as Bakelite or Albertol. |
| • | For bonding synthetic resin to metal, the synthetic resin solution is thickened with marble dust or feldspar powder. |
| • | Synthetic resin on glass and porcelain is glued with a mixture of 2 dl thick synthetic resin solution in alcohol and 1 dl thick shellac solution. With this solution you can firmly connect most fabrics with synthetic resin. In all cases it is good to heat the adhesive seam for some time at temperatures above 100℃. |
Leather glue
| Carbon dioxide | 10 dl |
| Caoutchouc (crepe) | 1,5 dl |
| Venetian turpentine | 1 dl |
| or: | |
A highly concentrated solution of celluloid in acetone. Add about 20% of a 15 pct solution of thick turpentine in benzene.
Leather glue for shoes
| Nitrocellulose solution | 200 dl |
| Amyl acetate | 15 dl |
| Amyl alcohol | 15 dl |
| Colophonium | 10 dl |
| Camphor | 5 dl |
| Venetian turpentine | 15 dl |
| Linseed oil | 20 dl |
Linoleum glue
| Shellac | 14 dl |
| Manila Copal | 14 dl |
| Colophonium | 48 dl |
| Boiled linseed oil | 5 dl |
| Spirit | 19 dl |
| Chalk or zinc white | 10-20 dl |
The ratio of the manillacopal to the colophonium can be changed. The copal makes the sealant more expensive and better.
Silk stockings repair
| • | Silk stockings can be repaired almost invisibly very quickly with the help of a caoutchouc adhesive. For this purpose, pure white raw rubber is allowed to swell in dichloroethylene and then diluted to a soft ointment-like paste. |
| • | With this paste you cover a piece of fabric of exactly the same color, place it on the hole and smooth the fabric with a hot iron. The solvent evaporates almost immediately. |
| • | The stockings can then be washed with warm water. |
Mowilith adhesive.
An adhesive that can be used to stick almost anything, consists of a thick solution of polymerized vinyl compounds in solvents such as ethyl acetate and other esters. With this solution you can, for example, attach fabric or felt to almost all metals.In addition to this synthetic resin, which is marketed under the name Mowilith, excellent adhesives can also be made with the acronals, also highly polymerized organic compounds.
In general, modern synthetic resins and synthetic lacquers have excellent adhesive properties and still offer great possibilities here. They are sometimes still too expensive for daily use.
In certain cases, eg in the plywood and plywood industry, the use of a synthetic resin as an adhesive offers enormous advantages. After all, only with this it is possible to obtain a glue seam that is absolutely waterproof.
Ethyl cellulose adhesives
First, a solution of ethyl cellulose is made:| Ethyl cellulose | 10 dl |
| Ethyl alcohol | 80 dl |
| Acetone | 10 dl |
| Butanol | 10 dl |
| Toluol | 25 dl |
| Rosin ester | 60 dl |
| Dammar (wax free) | 20 dl |
| Dibutyl phthalate | 20 dl |
The proportions can be varied widely and it is finally possible to make mixtures completely without solvent, which have to be applied in a molten state. The adhesive strength is then exceptionally high, even in the cold, and remains for a long time. A melting sealant must contain at least 8% ethyl cellulose.
These ethyl cellulose adhesives are suitable for bonding cellophane to paper, to sheet metal, with ethyl cellulose, for sheet metal to paper, paper to paper and fabric to fabric.
Casein wood glue
| Casein | 70 dl |
| Marble lime hydrate | 20 dl |
| Trisodium Phosphate | 7 dl |
| Fluorine Sodium | 3 dl |
| or: | |
| Casein | 10 dl |
| Marble lime hydrate | 2-8 dl |
Oil-resistant sealant
| Portland cement | 100 dl |
| Stone flour | 25 dl |
| Casein | 30 dl |
Envelope eraser
| Potato flour | 13 dl |
| Water | 80 dl |
| Caustic soda 37° Bé | 3 dl |
| Nitric acid 24° Bé | 3 dl |
| Formalin | 1 dl |
| Gelatin | 3 dl |
| White syrup | 2 dl |
| Water | 10 dl |
Isinglass
| Fish waste, especially skin | 1000 dl |
| Water | 1000 dl |
| Acetic acid 25% | 2 dl |
The isinglass obtained is slightly dark. By adding 0.35 dl sodium bisulphite to the dissolving water, the glue becomes lighter in color, but the quality is not improved.
The adhesive is preserved with 1% boric acid and a little methyl salicylate.
The residues are finely ground and dried and marketed as fish flour.
Isinglass is used by violin makers, among others
Universal adhesive
| a. | Polyvinyl acetate, | |
| highly viscous | 6 dl | |
| Polyvinyl acetate, | ||
| medium viscous | 6 dl | |
| Ethyl acetate | 75 dl | |
| Methyl alcohol | 5 dl | |
| Water | 8 dl |
| b. | Celluloid | 10 dl |
| Polyvinyl acetate, soft | 5 dl | |
| Spirit | 15 dl | |
| Ethyl acetate | 70 dl |
Water-repellent
universal adhesive
| Polyvinyl acetate, medium hard | 7 dl |
| Celluloid | 3 dl |
| Toluol | 85 dl |
| Carbon tetrachloride | 5 dl |
| Benzole | 5 dl |
| Aluminum stearate | 1 dl |
| Paint gasoline | 4 dl |
By replacing the aluminum stearate with twice the amount of copper naphthenate, an adhesive is obtained, which shipping can be used.
Glass sealant
Calcined zinc oxide stirred into a thin slurry with strong phosphoric acid.| Zinc oxide | 83 dl |
| Burnt magnesia | 10 dl |
| Silicic acid | 7 dl |
| Aluminum oxide | 25 dl |
| Stir with strong phosphoric acid. | |
| Shellac | 10 dl |
| Venetian turpentine | 2 dl |
| Pumice powder | 10 dl |
Gas Tube Sealant
| Calcium hydrate | 1 dl |
| Chalk | 1 dl |
| Lead red | 1 dl |
| Linseed oil as much as necessary. | |
Vintage glue kettle
English adhesive plaster
| Isinglass | 50 dl |
| Water | 400 dl |
| Sugar | 1 dl |
| Benzoin tincture | 10 dl |
| Alcohol | 10 dl |
The other side is brushed with a solution of 1 dl tincture of benzoin in 1 dl alcohol.
Caoutchouc adhesive plaster
| Crepe rubber | 20 dl |
| Pure gasoline | 120 dl |
| Dammar resin | 11 dl |
| Colophonium | 8 dl |
| Pure gasoline | 20 dl |
| Zinc oxide | 30 dl |
| Petrol | 8 dl |
| Lanolin | 30 dl |
Refractory sealant
| recipe no. 1. | |
| Borax | 1 dl |
| Zinc White | 5 dl |
| Brown stone powder | 10 dl |
| recipe no. 2. | |
| Asbestos powder | 1 dl |
| Chamotte flour | 1 dl |
| Pipe soil | 1 dl |
Steam boiler sealant
| recipe no. 1. | |
| Heavy spar powder | 8 dl |
| Marble lime hydrate | 3 dl |
| Graphite | 6 dl |
| Boiled linseed oil | 7 dl |
| recipe no. 2. | |
| Brownstone powder | 20 dl |
| Zinc white | 20 dl |
| Calcined kieselguhr | 10 dl |
| Graphite | 3 dl |
Sandstone sealant
| Kieselguhr | 2 dl |
| Marble lime hydrate | 2 dl |
| Lit lead | 1 dl |
Hoof sealant
| Gutta-percha | 70 dl |
| Ammonia gum resin | 30 dl |
Metal sealant
Recipe no. 1.Ordinary zinc oxide is wetted with 2% nitric acid and calcined, the material is finely ground and treated with a zinc chloride solution having at least a s.g. of 1.8 touched. The resulting thick paste hardens very quickly.
| Copal lacquer | 30 dl |
| Boiled linseed oil | 10 dl |
| Venetian turpentine | 6 dl |
| Turpentine oil | 4 dl |
| Marine glue | 10 dl |
| Marble lime hydrate | 60 dl |
| Casein | 8 dl |
| Marble lime hydrate | 10 dl |
| Sludged quartz powder | 10 dl |
Label glue for cans [1]
| Manilla copal | 500 dl |
| Colophonium | 500 dl |
| Galipot (thick turpentine) | 300 dl |
| Spirit 90% | 1500 dl |
| Castor oil | 4 dl |
The resins are mixed with the spirit. After a few days of standing everything is solved. The solution is poured through a fine sieve and only then the castor oil is added.
The labels are coated with the glue, left to dry until the glue sets and then the labels are stuck on the can. The solution should be so thick that it does not spread. With porous paper it is sometimes necessary to pre-coat the labels with starch or dextrin and let them dry.
Label glue for cans [2]
| Cane sugar | 20 dl |
| Water | 40 dl |
| Marble lime hydrate | 40 dl |
| Glycerin | 10 dl |
| Wood glue | 10 dl |
Beard adhesive
| mastic | 50 dl |
| Sandarac | 100 dl |
| Colophonium, WW | 250 dl |
| Ether | 75 dl |
| Spirit 96% | 400 dl |
By taking more or less alcohol, the consistency can be varied as desired. By adding a little castor oil, the adhesive becomes more elastic, but then dries a little more slowly. The adhesive can be perfumed with eau de cologne.
After the performance, the beard can be carefully pulled off, possibly after soaking with methylated spirits or eau de cologne. The remains are washed off with alcohol. The skin should be immediately lubricated with a greasy skin cream.
Modeling wax
| Beeswax | 2000 dl |
| Venetian turpentine | 270 dl |
| Pork fat (lard) | 140 dl |
| Bolus | 1500 dl |
Melt sealant
| Lead red | 80 dl |
| Anhydrous borax | 80 dl |
| Chalk | 10 dl |
Porous crucibles can be closed by coating them with a mixture of marble lime hydrate with saturated borax solution and some litharge and then annealing.
Fly glue
| Crepe rubber | 2 dl |
| Thin lubricating oil s.g. 0,88 | |
| til 0,89, paraffin free | 25 dl |
| Colophonium | 65 dl |
| Rapeseed oil | 8 dl |
The rubber is first dissolved in the lubricating oil at 100°C; this takes about 10 to 15 hours.
In addition, the colophonium and the rapeseed oil are melted together and mixed with the rubber solution.
Liquid universal glue
| Sugar | 60 dl |
| Water | 180 dl |
| Marble lime hydrate | 15 dl |
| Leather glue | 50 dl |
As this glue is alkaline, it cannot be applied everywhere.
Waterproof sealant
| Coal tar | 100 dl |
| Sulfur | 12 dl |
The sealant is suitable for water drainage pipes.
Ivory sealant
| - Recipe no. 1. | |
| Fresh annealed zinc oxide | 1 dl |
| Concentrated | |
| zinc chloride solution | 2 dl |
| - Recipe no. 2. | |
| Bleached shellac | 2 dl |
| Borax | 4 dl |
| Casein | 5 dl |
Ivory filling sealant
| Gelatin | 2 dl |
| China clay | 5 dl |
| Precipitated chalk | 2 dl |
| Lead white or titanium white | 1 dl |
| A trace of ocher for a yellow tint. | |
This solution is then mixed with the other ingredients.
Lye resistant sealant
| Crepe rubber | 3 dl |
| Benzol | 18 dl |
| Paraffin | 3 dl |
Aquarium sealant
| Chalk white | 85 dl |
| Linseed oil | 15 dl |
| Lead red | 90 dl |
| Linseed oil | 5 dl |
| fish oil | 3 dl |
Stone sealant
| - Recipe no. 1. | |
| Slaked lime, | |
| lime hydrate | 10 dl |
| Casein | 5 dl |
| Burnt plaster | 55 dl |
| Water | 10 dl |
| - Recipe no. 2. | |
| Cast | 100 dl |
| Fluorpar powder | 5 dl |
| Magnesite powder | 5 dl |
| Water | 95 dl |
| Sodium silicate | 5 dl |
| - Recipe no. 3. | |
| Sludged chalk | 20 dl |
| Marble lime hydrate | 2 dl |
| Sodium silicate | 5 dl |
Casein wood glue
| Casein | 100 dl |
| Water | 220 dl |
| Marble lime hydrate | 25 dl |
| Sodium silicate | 70 dl |
| Water | 100 dl |
| Copper chloride | 3 dl |
| Water | 30 dl |
Cold glue
| Acid casein | 65 dl |
| Dolomite calcium hydrate | 12 dl |
| Trisodium Phosphate | 5 dl |
| Sodium silicate (powder) | 8 dl |
| Gypsum powder | 8 dl |
| Zinc silica fluoride | 2 dl |
Universal sealant
| Polyvinylester, hard | 5 dl |
| Celluloid | 5 dl |
| Spirit | 10 dl |
| Ethyl acetate | 80 dl |
| Iron oxide | 100-200 dl |
Anti-rust sealant
| Polyvinyl ester, highly viscous | 15 dl |
| Benzol | 45 dl |
| Toluol | 45 dl |
Caoutchouc sealant
| Polyvinylacetaat, zacht | 100 dl |
| Methyleenchloride | 180 dl |
| Trichloorethyleen | 10 dl |
| Monochloorbenzol | 10 dl |
Armenian cement
| mastic | 10 dl |
| Isinglass | 20 dl |
| Gum ammoniacum | 5 dl |
| Alcohol 96% | 60 dl |
| Alcohol 50% | 35 dl |
| Water | 100 dl |
Universal film cement
| Acetone | 50 dl |
| Methyl ethyl ketone | 35 dl |
| Ethyl lactate | 15 dl |
| Washed film waste | ca. 10 dl |
Film cement for non-combustible film
| Methyl acetate | 50 dl |
| Acetone | 40 dl |
| Ethyl acetate | 10 dl |
| Acetyl cellulose | ca. 10 dl |
| Synthetic camphor | 2 dl |
| or: | |
| Cyclohexanone | 10 dl |
| Methyl ethyl ketone | 50 dl |
| Dichloroethylene | 40 dl |
Soy flour cold glue
| Soybean meal (protein) | 15 dl |
| Water | 100 dl |
| Ammonia 26% | 1 dl |
| Caustic soda (NaOH) | 1 dl |
Radiator sealant
| Flax meal | 100 | dl | |
| Aluminum powder | 1-2 | dl |
The two substances are intensively mixed dry and added to the water before use.
Grafting wax
| Paraffin | 20 dl |
| Dark wool fat | 30 dl |
| Colophonium | 40 dl |
| Boiled linseed oil | 10 dl |
| or: | |
| Colophonium | 80 dl |
| Light rosin oil | 5 dl |
| Yellow petroleum jelly | 15 dl |
Liquid grafting wax
| - Recipe no. 1. | |
| Colophonium | 60 dl |
| Coal tar pitch | 10 dl |
| Linseed oil | 5 dl |
| Thick turpentine | 6 dl |
| Spirit | 20 dl |
| - Recipe no. 2. | |
| Soft soap | 5 dl |
| Sodium bicarbonate | 5 dl |
| Hot water | 13 dl |
| Colophonium | 32 dl |
| Castor oil | 4 dl |
| Beeswax | 2 dl |
| Spirit | 3 dl |
Test
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